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Greetings Fellow Passengers and Crew!

Our Spaceship's Universal Tour Continues

"With or Without Sustainable Life"

"The Choice is Ours"


(Or as Earlier Roman Slaves Might Have Said...)

Ad Introibimus ad Altare Deorum Universi!

Ad Deum, cuius terribilis creatura: laetifica omnibus diebus vitae nostrae.


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Sustainable Spaceship Earth

Evolving Revolving Planet

With a Flexible layout STRAINED by Burning Fossil Fuels


Sustainability

This Site is like the Planet that we live on, it will Survive and Prosper in accordance with the Mindfulness of the People who Join in and Help with its Progress.... The Foundations are Under Construction.... More Funding by Donations, Membership and
...Commitment will Soon be Needed...
...Not for Profit...
...Commitment and Voluntary Assistance will be rewarded...
...Stay Tuned...



Key Concept: Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE)


• Measures lifetime costs divided by energy production.
• Calculates present value of the total cost of building and operating a power plant over an assumed lifetime.


V.I.N. ( Very Important Note)

• It is very Important to note that: "Levelised" in the Term
"L C O E" refers to the Levelising of All Costs involved in "The Particular Form of Power Generation being Studied"
• Similarly; When Comparing the "levelised Costs" of Different Forms of Power Generation that have been Studied: It is "Extremely Important" for both National Inflatiion Effects and Costs to All Taxpayers & All Industries & Enterprises: That the Sources for Both "Capital Costs" & The "Costs for Supply and Delivery " are the Costs obtained from "GOVERNMENT REGULATED" National Capital & National Power Supply MARKETS; Not the mixture of Deregulated Privatised and Government Regulated Markets, that are currently confusing and obfuscating the costs picture; and costing consumrs a fortune in power cost increases, but increasing the profits for Power Supply Providers!!
• Let us Make Sure that comparisons are made between Sources of Power where The Fundamental Costs are obtained from the Same Markets.
• It is also Important that all Additional Costs for Changes to the National Power Grid and Additional Costs caused by The "Difuse and Intermittent Nature of 'Renewable Wind and Solar Power Sources'; be allocated to those L C O E Sources" ... Not across The Board, as they are at this Time (See International Energy Agency Data)
• IEA studies of The EU Power System have already shown that the Difuse and Intermittent Nature of Renewable Power Sources has and is causing large Fluctuations in both Voltage and Frequency of The Supply, despite having "Large scale Bateries, Inverters and Aero Derivative Gas Turbines running on Fracked Gas (LNG, LPG, Methane) .
Thesse Fluctuations have led to the Changes in Tolerances for Frequency originally 50hz + or- 2hz to the New 50hz + or - 8 hz... These changes have already caused Explosions of the Old and Well Worn Generators inThe Old Coal, Oil, Gas Fired and Nuclear Power Generators...
These Generators are "Heavy Rotating Machinery" and they are the very Elements that 'STABILIZE' the Frequency and Voltage figures of The Supply Grid; that are so Important to Maintain; lest much of the Electrical Equipment of the Customers be destroyed!
Which is Probably Why Angela Merkel Decided to shut Down Even The Old Nuclear Power Stations (Cleaner than the Renewables!)


Before You or I Delve Further
Into the Shortcomings of L.C.O.E
It Behoves Us To Look More Carefully
At Other Short-Comings With The Blind Faith
Being Promulgated in Wind Mills & Solar PV Panels

Now we will see why the introduction of Solar Panels and Wind Turbines and other Renewables is just not cutting it!

The Pie Chart of Global TES (Total Energy Supply) from The IEA (International Energy Agency) Makes it Quite Obvious that Solar PV and Wind Turbines CAN NOT Replace The Big C O G (Coal Oil Gas) Base-Load Power Generation!

The Sun and Wind Power Sources are Too Difuse and Intermittent; They DeStabilize The Power Grid and Have Power Distribution, Inversion, Temporary Storage, Temporary Replacement by Aero Derivative Gas Turbines; Dispatch, and Final Storage in New Hydro-Electric Dam Storage Facilities; that have already been proven to Drive Power Costs to the Consumers in California, Britain, The EU, and Australia: Through The Roof!


"Tot World Energy Supply By Source 1973 and 2019 - IEA Figs and Data" Tot World Energy Supply



"Total Energy Supply (TES) by Source, Australia 1990-2020 with Some Analysis Columns Added"  (TES) by Source, Australia 1990-2020 with Analysis



"Before Reading Further, a Note of Explanation"

NOTE

The Australian Federal Government Senate Committee 2015 Enquiry into Australia's Precarious Position of being almost Totally Reliant on Foreign Imports of Fuels for Transport; also Highlites the %ge of Extra Electric Power Generation that WILL be Required To Replace Internal Combustion Powered "Transport Vehicles" Fueled by Diesel/Petrol or LPG/LNG/Methane; with Electrically Powered Vehicles Requiring Batteries that have to be Charged/Recharged and Replaced on a Reggular Basis.
That is Appart From The Very Obvious National Security/Defence Situation that it Creates!

===================

"The Senate Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport"
"References Committee"
'Australia's transport energy resilience and sustainability'
June 2015© Commonwealth of Australia 2015
ISBN 978-1-76010-252-4


This extract of part of CHAPTER 2 with some References
is made under"Fair Use"
To provide informatioin and Education about Climate Change
"AND"
To Make Sure It is Understood:
That an Extra Approximately 25% of Existing Electric Power Generation
"Will be Required to Charge/RechargeThe Batteries"
"Of AllThe Presently Proposed Elelectric Powered Transport Vehicles"


"CHAPTER 2"

Australia's energy consumption,
production, imports and exports.

Australia's energy consumption, production, imports and exports

2.1 This chapter provides an overview of Australia's energy consumption, imports and exports, as well as energy production and storage capacity.

Australia's energy consumption

2.2 According to the Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics (BREE), Australia's energy consumption has consistently risen over the past ten years at an average annual rate of 1.1 per cent.1
2.3 Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) dominate Australia's primary energy consumption.2
In 2012–13, of the 5885 petajoules of energy consumed in Australia, 94 % per cent was derived from fossil fuel sources.3
2.4 In 2012–13, of Australia's total energy consumption, approximately:
• 38 % per cent comprised oil – including crude, condensate and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG);
• 33% comprised coal – both black and brown;
• 24 % per cent comprised natural gas; and
• 6 % per cent was made up in renewable resources – wind, solar, geothermal, hydro, wave, tidal and bioenergy.


Energy consumption within the transport sector


2.5 Australia's demand for oil has risen steadily over recent decades, largely driven by increasing transport sector demand.5
2.6 In 2012–13, the transport sector was Australia's second largest energy consumer (behind the electricity sector), accounting for 26 % per cent of all energy consumption or 1545 petajoules of energy.6
Increased energy use in road, rail and air transport resulted in a marginal increase in energy consumption in the transport sector from the previous year.7
The agricultural sector accounted for 1.7 per cent or 99 petajoules of total energy consumption.8
2.7 The Australian economy is dependent on extensive transport networks to move people, goods and resources domestically and offshore. Conventional transport fuels such as petrol, diesel and jet fuel are derived from crude oil and comprise the largest component of fuel sales in Australia.9
Evidence to the committee highlighted that the country's transport sector is almost totally reliant on refined liquid fuels (oil, refined petroleum products and gaseous transport fuels).10
The sector consumes 73 % per cent of all Australia's liquid fuel supplies (including LPG and refined products).11
In 2012–13, road transport accounted for 74 % per cent of this.12
2.8 Alternative transport fuels include biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel), gaseous fuels and synthetic fuels.13
In 2011–12, over 95 % per cent of energy used for all transport modes was crude oil-derived liquid fuels with LPG the most significant alternative fuel comprising 2.7 % per cent.14
Over that period, most of the 32 billion litres of petrol, diesel and LPG used by cars, buses and trucks in Australia was imported.15
2.9 Evidence to the committee suggested that energy diversification has taken place in all industries (including agriculture, industry, residential and commercial sectors) except that of transport.16
While there’s been some uptake of electric vehicles in the light passenger sector and some electrification in the passenger rail and bulk rail freight sectors, most transport sectors and particularly heavy road freight, maritime and aviation transport are likely to remain wholly or largely Oil dependent for decades to come.17
Therefore, as noted in the 2014 Energy White Paper - Issues Paper, changes in energy sources offer the potential to both increase the productivity of energy use and reduce reliance on petroleum-based liquid fuels.18


REFERENCES


1 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 2.
2 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 26.
3 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 24.
4 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 26.
5 Department of Industry and Science, Submission 41, p. 3.
6 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 30
7 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 30.
8 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 31.
9 Department of Industry and Science, Transport fuels, http://www.industry.gov.au/Energy/EnergySecurity/fuels/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 5 March 2015).
10 University of Queensland, Submission 12, p. 4; National Roads and Motorists' Association, Submission 18, Attachment 1, p. 3.
11 National Roads and Motorists' Association, Submission 18, Attachment 1, p.8; Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2012, p. 99.
12 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 119.
13 Department of Industry and Science, Transport fuels, http://www.industry.gov.au/Energy/EnergySecurity/fuels/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 5 March 2015).
14 AGL Energy Limited, Submission 8, p. 1.
15 Associate Professor Philip Laird, Submission 3, p. 1.
16 National Roads and Motorists' Association, Submission 18, Attachment 1, p. 6.
17 University of Queensland, Submission 12, p. 4.
18 Department of Industry, Energy White Paper Issues Paper, December 2013, p. 37.
19 Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Energy in Australia 2014, p. 120.
20 Department of Industry and Science, Submission 41, p. 5. In 2012, Australia imported 83 per cent of its crude oil and other refinery feedstock as well as 43 per cent of its refined petroleum products.
21 Department of Industry and Science, Submission 41, p. 3.

This Ends my Extract Notes for Educational Purposes….




It is obvious from the Graph of Energy Use in the USA, below, that so far, the builds of Solar, Wind and other Renewables has only managed to maintain a small percentage of the Total Power Usage per annum of about 10% to 15% of the Total Power Used… Sure it has increased its overall Areas of land covered with Solar Panels and Number of Units of Wind Generators, but not made or shown any substantial ability to Replace Coal Or Nuclear… And because it cannot match the Energy Density of Coal or Nuclear, Nor, The Cost To Build per TW produced; could it ever do so Economically or efficiently!...
See The Two Graphs Below, and Note Other Countries are Similar, and also Note That Most of the Developed Countries have Off- Shored most of their Heavy Industrial Energy Requirements to Low Wage and Low Environmentally Controlled Nations Like China…
Also Note That This Graph of Energy Use in The USA Does NOT include Transport Power produced by Petroleum Products or Gas; and if Fossil Fueled Transport is to be Replaced by Electric Powered Vehicles, and it has been shown that approximately an Additional 25% of Electric Power will have to be produced to charge and recharge the Batteries, in order to replace The Fossil Fuel Petroleum Products and Gas!

"Electricity Production in The USA TW.h" Elec. Pwr. Gen. in USA

"Mass of Materials Required in tonnes per terra Wat Hour produced" Tonnes per TW.hr  Produced

Why Burning Wood is Not a Solution to either The Climate Change Problem OR The Power Generation required .... I mean why Burn a fuel that has less energy per kg which; in its natural Form, prior to being cut down or harvested, actually removes CO2 From The Atmosphere as well!!
.... Very Clever action and Investment by our GREEN Environmental Leaders!!... Ho! Hum!

"Energy Densities of Some Non-Nuclear Fuels" Energy Densities of Some Non-Nuclear Fuels


Now We will see what could be achieved Using Molten Salt - Thorium LFTR Fail Safe Reactors ...

"Comparison-of-Fuels-Required-for-Power-Required" Comparison-of-Fuels-Required-for-Power-Required


If interested, figures can be updated for your own satisfaction... no BS here!
And just to Make the Point about the Wasted Power in The Conventional Nuclear Power Generation .... The Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) ....
OR Why So much Fuel in Their Fuel Rods is "Wasted"...

"Energy Wasted - The PWR Vs.-The-Thorium-LFTR" Energy Wasted - The PWR Vs.-The-Thorium-LFTR


And Now the Real Picture of Deaths Caused By Conventional "Fossil Fuels" :-

----- What The Medical Profession has to say! -----


The Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change – 2017 report
The 2017 report shows that climate change is already a critical public health issue. While the delayed response to climate change over the past two decades has jeopardised human life and livelihoods, the past 5 years have seen an accelerated response, with momentum building across many sectors.
Tackling climate change has clear and unprecedented opportunities to improve public health.

Infographics from lancet:


The 'Lancet' Site is very deep, but Extremely Informative...
Although I MUST say that their RESEARCERS need to Re-Assess their Data Sources with Regard to The So-Called "Renewables" capabilities of Replacing "Big C O G" (Coal Oil Gas) AND NUCLEAR with Solar PV and WindMills!!!
The sections that we are all interested in concerning 'The Infographics' are open access, but do require free registration and checking out the 'Cookie Policy'... It is a very similar set up for cookies, to the one that 'mysustainableworld.co' is intending to employ soon...
But it would be helpful if the Link to 'Infographics' actually worked something like the Link from 'Videos' does!

The Third Link below is the one I looked at previously (I think!!.. lol... but things are Dynamic due to All sorts of reasons...
Patience is required..lol...
In The Mean-Time a 5 minute meal of 'Food for Thought'

Now for those Links to The Infographics associated with the 2017 Report mentione in The First Lancet Video...
https://www.thelancet.com/infographics/climate-and-health
https://www.thelancet.com/countdown-health-climate
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32464-9/fulltext

Pandemic Effects

The Video below gives a lot of information on this issue which is applicable Globally, perhaps...
But, one aspect that seems to have been missed and not even mentioned (that I am aware of!); is the absolute lack of any planning or action in the last two years of Covid 19, is the requirement in all countries to create a Government Department of "Pandemic Emergency Field Medical Demountable Facilities".
claiming that Hospital and Medical Facilities are NOT OVERWHELMED!... When in fact they are and have been, because Their Prime Purpose of Catering for the NORMAL , Non-Pandemic Needs of the General Electorate, has been CLOSED DOWN!... And access to GP's and Hospital's for simple and/or Complicated Operations has been Curtailed, and has Postponed "INDEFINITELY" Operations that even under Normal, Non-Pandemic conditions, were subject to Long Wait Times Due to "Privatisation" and The chanelling of a large portion of Private Health Fees into The Bank Accounts of Their Corporate Investors "Off Shore Tax Haven" Accounts!... Rather than going into Increasing Investment in Public Health Facilities!!!